The US Army’s Air and Missile Defense Strategy 2040: A Paradigm Shift with Global Implications for NATO and Norway

Within the next three months, the US Army will release its Air and Missile Defense Strategy 2040, the most significant transformation in American air defense doctrine since the Cold War. This strategy will encompass lessons from Ukraine and the Middle East, along with a shifting focus on homeland defense … Continue reading The US Army’s Air and Missile Defense Strategy 2040: A Paradigm Shift with Global Implications for NATO and Norway

Shared Situational Awareness in Air Defense: Achieve Decisive Advantage

In modern air defense, success relies more on Situational Awareness (SA) and Shared Situational Awareness (SSA) than on weapon power. These cognitive states enable teams to perceive, comprehend, and project threats rapidly. SSA enhances decision-making, reduces fratricide, builds resilience against attacks, and empowers operators, making it crucial for effective collaborative operations. Continue reading Shared Situational Awareness in Air Defense: Achieve Decisive Advantage

The Next Decade of Nordic Air & Missile Defence: Mastering the Full Spectrum

Modern Nordic air defence cannot rely on a single dominant threat model. The target environment is diverse, unpredictable, and deliberately designed to saturate and confuse defenders. That requires broad-spectrum sensors, multi-layer engagement capacity, and political/military frameworks for rapid cross-border cooperation. Continue reading The Next Decade of Nordic Air & Missile Defence: Mastering the Full Spectrum

The Patriot missile system’s transformation from Cold War concept to modern hypersonic interceptor – Costs and Capabilities

The MIM-104 Patriot missile system represents one of the most successful examples of adaptive military technology in modern history, evolving from a 1961 Cold War concept into today’s premier air and missile defense system capable of intercepting hypersonic weapons. Continue reading The Patriot missile system’s transformation from Cold War concept to modern hypersonic interceptor – Costs and Capabilities

Assessing the IRIS-T SL’s Tactical Ballistic Missile (TBM) Defense Capability: A Critical Review

The IRIS-T SL (especially in its SLM configuration) has likely succeeded in intercepting certain TBMs under favorable conditions, but its TBM defense remains a complimentary, not primary, function. Its actual operational value as a ballistic missile defense system must be viewed as a robust addition to layered defense—never a replacement for purpose-built long-range TBMD platforms. Continue reading Assessing the IRIS-T SL’s Tactical Ballistic Missile (TBM) Defense Capability: A Critical Review

The Evolution of Western Long-Range Ground-Based Air and Missile Defenses

The trajectory of Western ground-based long-range air and missile defense reflects decades of technological and strategic adaptation. Beginning with early Cold War-era anti-aircraft efforts focused on high-altitude bombers, these systems evolved to counter ballistic missiles and cruise missile threats. Today, the challenge has expanded to include … Continue reading The Evolution of Western Long-Range Ground-Based Air and Missile Defenses

The Legacy of MEADS vs. Next-Generation Patriot: Shaping the Future of Air Defense

Although MEADS did not reach operational deployment, its legacy is clear and profound. The boldness of its design, especially in terms of sensor networking and mobility, compelled the evolution of air and missile defense doctrine throughout NATO and beyond. Today, the next-generation … Continue reading The Legacy of MEADS vs. Next-Generation Patriot: Shaping the Future of Air Defense

NASAMS ATBM Upgrade: Radar & Missile Integration for Ballistic Missile Defense

To evolve NASAMS into a credible anti-tactical ballistic missile (ATBM) system, a focused, growth-oriented strategy is paramount. A phased approach, beginning with the foundational GhostEye MR radar, then integrating the highly capable … Continue reading NASAMS ATBM Upgrade: Radar & Missile Integration for Ballistic Missile Defense

Norway’s Air Defense Evolution: Bolstering NASAMS While Pursuing Ballistic Missile Defense

Norway’s air defense strategy is clear, funded, and decisive. By contracting for four additional NASAMS batteries, the government has reaffirmed the system as the foundation of its territorial defense. Simultaneously, by explicitly planning for a … Continue reading Norway’s Air Defense Evolution: Bolstering NASAMS While Pursuing Ballistic Missile Defense